Oil-burning system



L. L. SCOTT OIL BURNING SYSTEM Aug. 30-, 1927.

' FiledSept. 21, 19x 2 She ets-Sheet 1 1 2/ Z (amazon Pie-Z 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 IN o;

L. L. SCOTT OIL BURNING SYSTEM Filed Sept. 21. 1925 Aug. .30, 1927.

Patented Aug. 30, 1927.

TES-

PATENT OFFICE,

nnwxs L. soon, or am. Louis, urssoum.

OIL-BURNING SYSTEM.

Application filed September 21, 1925. Serial No. 57,706.

This invention relates to ,the sp liquids,

which will not readily spray mal, temperatures. My invention here applied to an oil burner,

raying of at noris shown athough the invention in its broadest sense is not limited in application to oil burners;

The viscosity of a liquid with temperature change; an oil which has a viscosity changes for materialexample,

of 58 minutes at 70 F. has shown a viscosity of 60 seconds at 180 F.

Ihave found that where oil heating homes,

fuel are used, lons per hour,

oil which has a viscosi I have also found that by amount of heat near an oil which wou spray mal temperatures. an oil that will readily at normal temperatures and 'ly be pumped to and through the zle and instead of coming out of in the form ofa spray,

a small round stream evenpressure is use nozzle. I have found that a temperature of from 130 below the flashpoin low the cracking point), sprayed. I am aware old to preheat through a pipe or and that preheating de in tanks containing oil.

is and where small used for rates of for example, around'1' galit is'very difiicult to applyin For example, flow d to force the spray an 'ty of' say- 160 seconds.

g a small the spray nozzle, I can 1d not spray at nor- I can take through a pipe which can easipray nozthe nozzle it will come out in though a high oil through the by maintaining on the oil at the spray nozzle F. to 160 F. (which t of the oil and well be it can of the fact oil in order to get so that it can Where is well be easily that it is be pumped, vices have been used i1 is .used

. for heating-homes, the oil burner is automatically turned on and off according to room temperature and at night the oil sary to use an oil much more expen'slve zle and in the unless some means wer temperatureof around 14 around the spray condition to re pipe lines would get nozzle so that it wo adily spray,

that is not be readily sprayed at normal tures.

consists of applying heat'to burner is usually off for several hours, during which time the oil around the spray nozcold, and

e used to maintain a 0 F. on the oil uld be. in

it would benecesmuch, lighter and than the oil which cantemperamy invention is to provide which is not at normal temperatures,

the liquid same temperature on the liquid is flowing through automatically maintain approximately the the liquid at the spray nozzle, whether the nozzle or is at rest.

In the present case the invention is embodied in an oil burning combustion system and in the accompanying ing such embodiment.

Figure 1- is a diagrammatic drawing showing my invention applied to an oil burnmg system.

Figure 2 is a plan view of an electric heating element which I use for heating the oil and which is shown-in connection with the oil burning system shown in Figure 1.

, Figure 3 is aside view, shown partly in section, of the automatic control switch and safety switch used in my oil'burning system.

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the spray nozzle'and a modification of my heating device applied thereto, the spray nozzle and accompanying parts shown here are more fully shown in my application No. 51,979, filed August 24th, 1925, domestic oil burner.

Figure 5 is apart sectional view of my nozzle head and electric heating element showing a modification of my invention.

Figure 6 isa sectional View of the mounting which holds my electric heating element.

Figure 7 is an end View of a mercury control switch which is shown in Figure 4.

Referring'now to the nieral 1 indicates (see Figure 1), an electric motor which operates a fan wheel 2 and fuel pump 3. The intake pipe 4 of the fuel pump runs to a tank not shown. Oil from pump 3=is discharged through pipe 5 and runs to the nozzle head 6 and around the electric heating element head 7 and into andthrough the spray nozzle 8, (see Figure 1). The valve 9 is controlled by the diaphragm 10 according to fuel pressure on said diaphragm as more fully described in my application above referred to. Spark plugs, indicated by the numeral 11, are used for ignitingthe sprayed oil and air to promote combustion is furnished by the blower wheel. 2 which is mounted in the housin 12 and which passes to the air receiver 13 t rough the pipe 14, as more fully described in my applioation'bedrawings illustratdrawings, the nufore referred to. The numeral indicatesswitch in the main power line.- The wire 17,

- posite direction.

which is connected to one side of switch 16, runs to one of the contact points on the mercury switch 18. The wire 19 is connected to 17 and runs to one side of primary coil of transformer 20, the purpose of which will be later described.- The wire 21 also connects to wire 17 and runs to one of the terminals of electric heater 22, (see Figure 1), which will be described later. The Wire 23 which is connected to switch 16 runs to transformeri by wire 24, to motor 1, by wire 25,, to spark transformer 26, by wire 27 and to one of terminals of heater 22 by wire- 27*. The wire 28 connects to one of .the terminals of the mercury switch 18 and runs to the terminal post 29 and then .by wire 30 through a thermostatic heating coil 31 to terminal post 32. Thewire 33 connects -to post 29 and runs to spark transformer 26 through wire 34 and to terminal 35 of safety switch by wire 36. The wire 37 connects to terminal post 32 and runs to terminal 38 of the safety switch 40. The safety switch 40 consists of apiece of thermostatic metal 39, which, when heated will rotate in one direction and when cooled will rotate in the op By referring to Figures 4 and 7, a good ideaiof a thermostat switch can be had. The thermostatic switch shown in Figures 4 and 7 is used for a dilfe'rent 'purpose and will be later described. The function of the safety switch 40 will be later de- .scribed, however, it may be said here that this switch is closed when the thermostatic metal 39 is heated, and open when thermostatic metal 39 is'cooled. The wire 41 con-- meets to post 32 and runs to motor l-by wire 42, and to one of the terminals on electric heater 22 by wire 43. The transformer 26 transforms 110 volts to about 8000 volts which is conducted to thespark minals through wires 44 and 45. The transformer 20' transforms 110 volts to 18 Volts for use in the room thermostat circuit which will now be described. The

wire 46 runs to solenoid 47 and then by wire then by wire 60 to thermostat metal 51. Contact 50 of thermostat 51 closes slightly before contact 54, but current cannot flow to solenoid 47 until contacts 50 and 54 are both made, then solenoid 47 is energized and the mercury switch 18 will assume the position shown in Figure 1, and when in this position,

burner is not in operation, so that a heavy contacts '57 and 56 will be closed by action of arm 61 pressing against the spring 62, so that when the room thermostat 51' starts moving away from contacts 50 and 54, it will breakcontact 54 first but the solenoid 47 will not be de-energized until contact 50 is broken. This arrangement makes it possible to set the room thermostat so that the solenoid 47 will turn on, say at 70 degrees, and off at say 72 degrees. When solenoid 47 is energized, the contacts of mercury switch 18 will be closed and current will be on transformer 26, on motor 1, and on coil 63 of the electric heater 22. It will be noted by tracing the wiring that coil 64 of the electric heat'er22 is on all of the time that main line switch 16-is closed. It will be further noted that the thermostatic heating coil 31' is connectedin series with motor 1 as long as the, switch in safety '40 is open, which is thecase when there is no heat on thermostat 39. When the burner-starts normally, the pipe 65is heated by theoil flame and hot air is sucked over thermostat 39 through pipe 66 which is connected to the suction side of blower wheel 2, so that in about 30 seconds after the burner is started, safety switch 40 is closed and the coil 31 is shunted out of the circuit 'so that it will not heat the thermostatic strip 67.

Should the oil fail to ignite, due to failure 0 of ignition or no oil inoil tank, the thermostat39 will not be heated and the coil3=1 will remain in the circuitwith the' motor. The thermostatic strip 67 is so set that its top end will moveto the right (see Figure 3),

in about 2 minutes" time, providing current the clip 68 will no longer be held as a pivot around the center of pm 70 and the mercury plug tertube will drop down until the ariir .72 rests I .on the solenoid and the circuit through the mercury tube will be open although there may still be current on solenoid47 When the merc'ur tube drops down its pivot will; be at 73. ll circuits closed by the mercury tube 18 will remain open until it has been, manually reset. The timing of the thermal strip 67 may be changed by the adjustment screw 7 It will be noted that the stud is secured to board 76 by nut 77 and that clip 78, which is, connected to armature 7 9 of solenoid 47 by arm 80, is pivotedon stud 75 which is on the same center as pin 70.

From the above description it will be seen that I have provided an automatic oil burning system having an electric heating coil which is turned on all of the time and which coil is designed to maintain a temperature offrom to 190;F. all of the time that the oil can be used and sprayed by this system. 22 shown has a single heating coil which When theburner is automatically turned on, has terminals 93 and 94 which are connected as due to drop in temperature in room in which to wires 25 and 41, respectively, (see Figure room thermostat 51 is located, a second heat- 1) when the heater shown in Figure is y 5 ing coil is cut intothe circuit which coil is substituted for the two coil heater shown in designed to furnish the extra heat required Figure 1. By this arrangement it will be by the flow of oil over the electric heating seen that when the main mercury control 70 element so that an approximate even temswitch 18 is off there will be no current on perature is maintained on the oil at the spray heater 22 as shown in Figure 5. In other 10 nozzle regardless of whether the burner is words, heater 22, as shown in Figure 5, is operative or inoperative. It will be further designed to be turned on and off in unison seen that I have provided a safety device with the motor. With this arrangement it is 75 that will shut the current oil of the electric evident that the oil in the nozzle casting will heating coil, which is cut in at the time the get cold it the burner is on for any length burner is turned on,-in the event that there is of time. To prevent the flow of oil through no oil flow. It is obvious that I might use the spray nozzle 8, (see Figure 4) until the the one heating coil, which is on all of the 'oil hasreached a temperature at which-it 8O time, to maintain the oil at sprayin temwill spray, I, provide athermostatically conperatu e during the period that the urner trolled valve 95, which valve is connected to is oil and then supply the extra heat required the thermostat 96 mounted on the end of the to maintain the spraying temperature when head 7 of the heater 22, (see Figure 5) The there is an oil flow, by running the oil pipe thermostat 96 is designed to keep the valve 85 5 near the oil flame. I have found that this closed at temperatures below 130 F. and method is'not reliable. open above 140 F. By this arrangement it I will now describe the modifications of will be seen that although the motor 1 starts, my invention which I- have illustrated in the there will be a's'light delay of thevoil going accompanying drawings. Referring to Fig- 'throu 'h nozzle 8 due to the few seconds re 90 ure 4, it will be noted that the electric heater quired to heat the oil in nozzle chamber. 22 has only two terminals whichindicates I claim: that it has but a single heating coil. Current 1. In an automatic oil. burning system, for this electric heater is taken from the which is adapted to burn an'oil which is not main power line through .wires 81 and 82. readily sprayed at normal temperatures, a 95 The wire 82 connects to terminal 83 and the spraying device and means for causing the terminal 84 is connected bywire 85 to teroil to be sprayed through said device, an -minal 86 of the mercury switch 87 The electric heating element located near the wire 81 connects to the terminal-'88 of the sprayingdevice so as to'heat theoil in said mercury switch-87. It will'be seenthat when spraying device and maintain a spraying 1 09 the mercury switch is closed, current W11]. be temperature on the oil during the period that on the. heater 22-and when the switch is open the system is not in operation and an auto--- the current will be turned ofi of said heater. matic switch for cutting in an additional The operation of, the mercury switch 87 is electric heating un't which is adapted" to controlled by-the temperature of the oil or supply-an extra amount of heat to the oil 1 the temperature of the spray-nozzle casting. during the period that the system is in up The numeral 89 indicates a piece of thermoeration. I

I statie'metal, one end of which is secured to 2. .In an automatic oil burning system,

- y the piece.90 and the other end is secured to which is adapted to burn an oil which is not the shaft 91', which shaft 91is adapted to roreadily sprayed at normal temperatures, a 11 f I tate in iece 90. It will be noted that piece spraying device and means forcaus'ing the 90 is ho low and is partly cut away so that 011 to be sprayed through said device', an

p thermostat strip 89 can be attached to shaft electric heatlng element containing two 91. The shaft 91 is secured to arm 92, which heating coils, located near the spraying de- I.

'arm' is adapted to hold the mercury switch vice so as to heat the. oil in said spraying- 116' 87. The thermostatic strip 89 is so designed device, one of said coils being adapted to that the. mercury .switch will be closed at maintain a sprayl tem erature on the oil temperatures below- F. and open at temduring the period t at t e system is not in peratures above say F. It will be seen 0 'ration and an automatic .switch'for out that by this arrangement that I can at all ting in the other heatingeoil which is adapt- 120 times maintain a s raying temperature on ed to suppl an extra amount of heat tolthe L, heavy oils. It is, of course, understood that oil during t e period that the systemis in op- 60 the electric heater '22 is designed to maintain eration. y Y an oiltemperature of--1602 hen the burner In testimony whereof I havehereunto set is on. my hand. I

Referring toFigure' 5,- the electric heater LEWIS nsoo'ra I 

